Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Geography Chapter-5 Class-9 NCERT Solution
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Geography
Chapter-5 Class-9
NCERT Solution
NCERT Solution
1.Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belongs to?
(a) Tundras
(a) Tundras
(b) Tidal
(c) Himalayan
(d) Tropical evergreen
(d) Tropical evergreen
Answer: Tropical evergreen
(ii) Chinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100cm
(b) 50cm
(c) 70 cm
(d) less than 50 cm
Answer: 100cm
(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Orissa
(d) West Bengal
Answer: Orissa
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bioreserve?
(a) Manas
(b) Dihang-Dibang
(c) Gulf of Mannar
(d) Nanda devi
Answer: Manas
2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) Define an ecosystem.
Answer:
Ecosystem refers to a system that includes all living organisms such as plants, animals, microorganisms etc in a habitat as well as its physical environment such as weather, soil, climate, minerals etc, functioning together as a unit.
(ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
Answer:
Factors responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India are -
• Climatic conditions: Temperature, Humidity, Photoperiod and Precipitation
• Relief: Land and Soil.
• Climatic conditions: Temperature, Humidity, Photoperiod and Precipitation
• Relief: Land and Soil.
(ii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
Answer:
Biosphere reserves are the protected areas meant for the conservation of plants and animals. It also restores the traditional life of the tribals living in that vicinity.
Two examples are Nilgiri in Tamil Nadu and Sunderbans in West Bengal.
(iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation.
Answer:
The common animals found in the tropical forests are elephants and monkeys and the animals found in the montane forests are Kashmir stag and Yak.
3. Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
Answer:
Plant species of a particular region is called flora and animal species of a particular region is called fauna.
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests
Answer:
Tropical Evergreen Forests
• These are also known as Rain Forest.
• Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, there is no definite time for the trees to shed their leaves Examples: Ebony, Mahogany, Rubber, Rosewood.
• Common animals found in these forests are elephants and monkeys.
• Found where the rainfall is more than 200cm.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
• These are also known as Monsoon Forest.
• The trees shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in dry summer Examples: Teak, Bamboo, Sandalwood,peepal, neem.
• Common animals found in these forests are lions and tigers.
• Found where the rainfall range is between 200 cm to 70 cm.
4. Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Answer:
The different types of vegetation found in India are:
(i) Tropical Evergreen Forests
(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests
(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
(iv) Montane Forests
(v) Mangrove Forests
Alpine vegetation is found at places over 3,600 m in height. The trees common to these area are silver fir, junipers, pines and birches. The trees get stunted as they reach the snow line. There are shrubs and scrubs that ultimately merge into Alpine grasslands. Tundra vegetation is limited to lichens and mosses.
5. Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?
Answer:
Few species of plants and animals are endangered in India because of:
(i) Large scale deforestation.
(ii) Urbanization and Industrialization.
(iii) Pollution.
(iv) Hunting for pleasure, commercial purpose, etc.
(v) Increasing population.
(iv) introduction of alien species causing imbalance in the ecosystem.
6. Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?
Answer:
India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna due to following reasons:
(i) India is a diverse country with different relief features. Different types of vegetations are found in these regions and the vegetations support different type of animals.
(ii) Availability of different types of soil supports different type of vegetations.
(iii) Variation in the climatic conditions (Temperature, humidity, etc.). Climate of India differs from one place to another. Thus, supporting large variety of flora and fauna.
(iv) India has a monsoon type of climate where rainfall varies from 20 cms to 300 cms distributed through out the year supporting large amount of flora and fauna.
(v) Variation in the duration of sunlight at different places due to difference in the latitude and altitude.
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